Shayesteh Keivan; Mehran Khojasteh; Niayesh Shayesteh; MohammadJavad Khani; Farzad Zahmati; Vahid Vahid fard
Abstract
Background & objective: Balkhli River, which flows into Yamchi Dam, is the main supplier of drinking water in Ardabil City. This research aims to investigate the effect of the Ghaynarjeh Spring on Balkhli River based on surface waters quality indices.Materials & Methods: First, monthly monitoring ...
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Background & objective: Balkhli River, which flows into Yamchi Dam, is the main supplier of drinking water in Ardabil City. This research aims to investigate the effect of the Ghaynarjeh Spring on Balkhli River based on surface waters quality indices.Materials & Methods: First, monthly monitoring and analysis of Ghaynarjeh spa spring (station 1), river before acceptance and after acceptance of spring water (stations 2 and 3) was done for one year. Despite the low discharge of the spring compared to the river, The concentration of some cations and anions in the river increased greatly. In this article, by determining IRWQISC as the surface water quality index of Iran and NSFWQI as an international index, the water quality for three stations was determined.Results: The results showed that the quality of the river water after entering the spring water was degraded; In other words, the IRWQISC index of the quality of the river's water quality decreased from relatively good to average. Due to the presence of about 2,000 ppb of arsenic, about 7,000 ppb of iron and about 2,500 ppb of manganese in Ghaynarjeh Spring of Nir City, Therefore, the IRWQIST index was also considered in this research. As a result of entering the spring into the river, the river's toxicity index dropped two levels from a relatively good condition to a relatively bad one.Conclusion: Considering the high impact of ghaynarjeh spring on the quality of Balkhli Chai River from the perspective of IRWQISC and especially IRWQIST indicators and considering the importance of Balkhli Chai River in supplying drinking water in Ardabil city, the necessity of purifying the spring water before entering the Balkhli Chai River is quite evident.
Keyvan Shayeste; Gity Behboody
Abstract
Background and purpose: Heavy metals are one of the stable pollutants that do not decompose in nature and can import into the environment by sewage or wastewater of various industries. Usually, small quantities of these metals are required for the normal function of the body. But the excessive entrance ...
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Background and purpose: Heavy metals are one of the stable pollutants that do not decompose in nature and can import into the environment by sewage or wastewater of various industries. Usually, small quantities of these metals are required for the normal function of the body. But the excessive entrance of them into the body will cause poisoning. The purpose of this research is a review of various methods for the removal of heavy metals in the form of physical, chemical, and biological methods. Materials and Methods: In this paper, after searching related articles in the period 2014-2019 in databases such as Springer،Science direct، Scopus، Free paper, and John Wiley, presented references in this text were investigated to, obtain the latest finding on heavy metals removal methods. Results: Studies show that heavy metals can affect human health, so the removal of heavy metals is essential and various methods for the removal of heavy metals in the form of physical, chemical, and biological methods including membrane methods, chemical precipitation, electrochemical purification, ion exchange, adsorption, and bioremediation are used. Conclusion: The results of studies showed that heavy metals have destructive effects and it is necessary to remove and purify these metals from water and soil. The advantages and disadvantages of heavy metal removal methods make it easy to choose the right method in terms of cost and access to technical knowledge.